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KMID : 0365220120490010021
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Korean Journal of Public Health
2012 Volume.49 No. 1 p.21 ~ p.31
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Cyto-genotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO, Al₂O₃, CuAl₂O₄) in A549 cells
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Ha Tae-Kyung
Kim Yang-Jee
Choi Young-Joo
Lee Joong-Won
Lee Young-Hyun
Lee Sun-Yeong
Chung Hai-Won
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Abstract
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Objectives: Recently, growing nanotechnology industry leads to concerns about unknown health effects of nanoparticles in humans. Metal and metal oxide nanomaterials are used in skin care products, abrasives, and polishers. However, the toxicity of these nanoparticles is not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to assess the toxicity of three kinds of metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO, Al₂O₃, and CuAl₂O₄).
Methods: To evaluate cell death induced by the metal oxide nanoparticles, we performed MTT assay in the carcinomic human lung epithelial cell line (A549). We examined the genotoxic effects of the nanoparticles in A549 cells using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by the metal oxide nanoparticlesinA549 cells was determined by flow cytometry using the fluorescent dye, 2", 7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA).
Results: Dose-dependent decrease in cell survival was observed after treatment of CuO, Al₂O₄ and CuAl₂O₄. Dose-response trend in the nanoparticles induced DNA damage could be seen in A549 cells treated with CuO, Al₂O₃, and CuAl₂O₄. The relative levels of intracellular ROS induced by nanoparticles treatment were significantly augmented. DCF fluorescence intensity in the 50㎍/㎖of CuO, Al₂O₃, and CuAl₂O₄ treated cells was increased by 441, 176 and 235 %, respectively, as compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Taken together, CuO, Al₂O₃, and CuAl₂O₄ nanoparticles induced DNA damage and generation of intracellular ROS, eventually, triggering the cell death.
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KEYWORD
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Copper oxide nanoparticle, Aluminum oxide nanoparticle, Copper-aluminum oxide nanoparticle, mixed metal oxide nanoparticle, Cytotoxicity, Reactive oxygen species(ROS), DNA damage
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